School essays on this topic, as an option for preparing for the final essay.
Essay: Despair
According to Dahl, the concept of “despair” means a state of extreme hopelessness, a feeling of hopelessness. This means that its source does not necessarily have to be connected, say, with the socio-political-economic background in society. Another thing is that the historical stage we are experiencing has somehow exacerbated subtle moments in people’s lives, leading them to disappointing, so to speak, thoughts in terms of prospects. But there must be a way out of many situations, right?
According to one of the characters in the play by the famous French writer and twentieth-century existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, “The Flies,” “real human life begins on the other side of despair.”
Probably, everyone can have their own understanding of what was said, but the thought voiced by Sartre can also be considered from the point of view of the right of choice granted to a person: what is he going to do in the light of the despair that has gripped him (or periodically returns to him)? Continue to fade away or begin (restore) active activity, albeit through significant thorns?
In this context, the perspective of despair can really be defined as the initial (to a certain extent) path to finding the necessary solution, breaking a path to new heights. That is, despair, depending on a person’s perception of the “situation” within himself, can contribute to the birth (reanimation) of seemingly lost strength (some would say, conditioning). In other words, overcoming despair is actually overcoming oneself, when stagnation is gradually replaced by hope, and with it confidence.
By the way, it may also be that a person is simply tired of repeated efforts that do not give the result he expected. And hence the formation in him of uncertainty about the correctness of his chosen path in life. Here it is appropriate to refer to the Danish-American journalist, photographer, who went through a difficult life, Jacob August Riis (late 19th - early 20th centuries).
“When it begins to seem that nothing can help,” he wrote, “I go to watch the stonecutter deliver a hundred blows to the stone, but no crack appears on it. Only after the one hundred and first attempt is the stone divided in half. However, I understand that it was not the final swing of the cutter that contributed to this, but all the previous work.”
Perhaps what has been said will remind someone of the well-known proverb: “Water does not flow under a lying stone,” practically calling for activity, because in order to obtain the denominator you need, you must, at a minimum, not stop moving towards the intended goal.
In this aspect, it seems appropriate to cite an episode to which the outstanding Soviet high jumper, 1964 Olympic champion Valery Brumel refers in his book. Thus, he recalls how one of the athletic trainers conducted an experiment on regular squats, the essence of which was the psychological effect. The trainer asked the student, who had squatted about seven hundred times, why he completed the exercises. The athlete referred to “lead” in his legs, circles before his eyes and even the fear of death if he squatted again. However, the trainer spent two weeks convincing the pupil of the ability of the human muscle to perform unlimited work.
“You only need to overcome yourself once,” he said, “then it will immediately become easier.”
As a result, the athlete did not reach five thousand squats in just a couple of hundred attempts. V. Brumel writes that when faced with this information, he began to wonder whether there is a limit to human capabilities at all?
Perhaps someone will call this example incorrect in relation to the topic under consideration. But is everything so clear? Let us note that V. Brumel himself, at the peak of his sports career, had an accident that led to a severe broken leg. Having undergone 29 operations, he began to walk only after treatment by the famous orthopedic surgeon Gavriil Ilizarov, who became famous after this incident. After some time, V. Brumel again found himself in the jumping sector (!).
What leads a person to despair?
Despair. A state of hopelessness, a feeling that there is “no way out” and things won’t get better. This is a spiritual crisis when a person thinks that he cannot change his life for the better. What leads a person to despair? I think not only the difficult adversities of life, but also the loss of faith in a bright future, in the opportunity to change one’s existence and move forward, overcoming obstacles.
In M. A. Gorky’s romantic story “Old Woman Izergil,” the author shows us how people come to despair. To do this, he includes the legend of Danko in the story and turns to ancient times. Cheerful, brave and strong people who lived in the old days plunged into despair when other, more powerful tribes came and drove them deep into the forest.
The stench from the swamps destroyed people, but they could not fight stronger and more evil enemies, since they did not have the right to die - they were obliged to keep the behests of their ancestors. The tribesmen fell into despair because they did not believe that they could get through the dense impenetrable forest to the light and sun. At that moment Danko appeared, who led them through the forest, and they followed him when they found faith. Despair came to them again one dark stormy night, when they lost faith in their leader and were ready to tear the hero apart out of anger, blaming him for their troubles. Danko tore open his chest with both hands, took out the burning heart, and, enchanted by the bright flame, the people regained faith and followed their leader, who led them to a spacious sunny clearing, and he himself died.
The author brings us to the idea that people come to despair when they lose faith in the possibility of changing their destiny and are afraid to fight for a better life. He sings a hymn to that daredevil who is ready to overcome obstacles and lead people, instilling in them faith in a better future, even if he has to sacrifice himself for the sake of others.
Let us give one more literary argument. In M. A. Gorky’s play “At the Bottom,” the heroes found themselves not only at the bottom of their lives, but also at the bottom of their souls, having exhausted their reserves of faith, hope and love. “Former people” live in a shelter, irritated, disunited, embittered. But then comes the wanderer Luke, who instills faith in the possibility of changing life for the better. He does not promise anything to Satin, Baron, Bubnov, since these “tramps” have long resigned themselves to their fate and are not ready to fight for a way out from the bottom of life to the light. “The Evil Old Man” speaks only to those who need hope and are ready to overcome despair. Luka tells the drunken Actor that somewhere there is a free hospital for alcoholics, instilling in him the belief that he can start a new life. The actor quits drinking, sweeps the streets, earning his way. But then the elder suddenly disappears without telling the Actor the address of the hospital. And Satin says that the old man lied out of pity, that there is no free hospital. The actor, who has lost his faith, cannot withstand despair and commits suicide.
We came to the conclusion that a person comes to despair when he loses faith in the possibility of changing his life for the better. To prevent this from happening, you need to have will, courage and determination.
What is hope?
What is hope? Most people ask this question, but never find an answer. Hope is, first of all, a person’s faith in a good future, expectation, anticipation of something vitally important to him. I believe that in any life situation a person should always have hope for the best. There are many literary works where the main characters do not lose faith.
One of these works is the story by A.P. Chekhov “Vanka”. The main character Vanka is a little orphan boy. He writes a letter to his grandfather. His letter is imbued with kindness, warm words; Vanka wants his grandfather to take him home. He doesn’t like the place where Vanka lives, because he gets beaten. Vanka recalled all the warm moments associated with his childhood, which took place in the village with his grandfather.
The letter is filled with the belief that as soon as grandfather reads the letter, he will immediately take Vanka away. But the reader understands that this will not happen, since the field for the addressee indicates “grandfather’s village.” Thus, Vanka’s hope did not fade, and he believed that his beloved grandfather would come for him.
Another striking example of faith in the best is the work of A. S. Green “The Green Lamp”. Yves, one of the heroes of the story, who was a tramp. One day he met two rich men, they fed him and clothed him. After that, they offered to pay him to put a lamp on the window every evening and, without leaving the house, to sit next to her. Yves agreed, and every evening he hoped that some miracle would happen. For several years, Yves lit this lamp and at the same time read books. 8 years have passed. Yves became a doctor. Thus, Yves' hope helped him find a new life.
In conclusion, I would like to say that a person should never lose hope, no matter what happens. After all, she can always help you get out of even the most difficult situations. It makes a person believe in the best and strive for the goal.
Quotes on the topic: Hope
Man lives only by hope; hope is, in fact, his only property.
Carlyle
Hope lives even at the graves.
Goethe I.
Hope is the only good that cannot be satiated with.
Vauvenargues
No matter how bad things get, never despair, hold on as long as you have strength.
Suvorov A.V.
A well-prepared person retains hope in adversity and fears a change in fortune in happy times.
Horace
Hope always says that it will be easier in the future
Tibulus
As long as a person is alive, he should never lose hope.
Seneca
Hope is the most useful of all passions of the soul: since it maintains health through the calmness of the imagination.
Derzhavin G. R.
Where there is hope, there is also fear: fear is always full of hope, hope is always full of fear.
La Rochefoucauld
It is always better to hope than to despair.
Goethe I.
The hope of joy is a little less than the fulfillment of pleasure.
Shakespeare W.
What is the most common thing for everyone? Hope; for if anyone has nothing else, then she is.
Thales
Hopes are the dreams of those who are awake.
Plato
If life deceives you,
Don't be sad, don't be angry!
On the day of despondency, humble yourself:
The day of fun, believe me, will come.
Pushkin A. S.
Fear and hope can convince a person of anything.
Vauvenargues
Nadezhda is the best doctor known.
Dumas A. father
We shouldn't lose heart.
Cicero
Hope is the desire of the soul to convince itself that the desired will come true... Fear is the inclination of the soul, convincing it that the desire will not come true.
Descartes
The hope that accompanies us throughout our lives does not leave us even at the hour of death.
Pope A.
All my hope is in myself.
Terence
Even in the most hopeless, struggle remains hope.
Rolland R.
Where hope dies, emptiness arises.
Leonardo da Vinci
O deceiving hope of man!
Cicero
Road of Honor
What is honor and where does its path lead? What qualities do people who walk the path of honor have? I'll try to answer these questions. I think honor is a way of life based on conscientiousness, nobility, truthfulness and courage. I think that if a child absorbs these qualities from the cradle, then his life will go on the right path.
It was along this road that the hero of Alexander Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter” Pyotr Grinev walked. Seeing him off to military service, the elder Grinev asks his son to take care of his honor. The young man, strictly following his father’s behest, serves his homeland, courageously defending the Belogorsk fortress. Arriving at his place of service in the Orenburg province, the young man meets the family of Captain Mironov. The commander of the fortress himself, his wife and their daughter Masha, whom he really liked, warmly welcome Grinev. Peter begins to make friends with officer Shvabrin, demoted for a bloody duel, who slanders various unpleasant things about Masha Mironova behind her back. It soon turns out that Shvabrin himself is in love with the girl. The officer is overcome by intense jealousy and envy of his luckier rival. Shvabrin harshly criticizes the poems written by Peter for Masha and insults her honor, hinting at the girl’s corruption. In this act, I think, Shvabrin’s true face begins to appear. He appears before us in the image of a dishonest, deceitful and envious man who has no idea of honor. As a noble and honest man, Grinev could not tolerate such an insult, so he challenged his opponent to a duel, which, fortunately, ended only with a slight injury to the insulted young man. The further capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev’s detachment once again showed the true faces of the heroes of the story. Neither Captain Mironov, nor his assistant, nor Grinev himself wanted to swear allegiance to the false emperor, so they were sentenced to execution. They were faithful to their duty of honor to the end. Peter was saved from the gallows only by the fact that Pugachev recognized him as his benefactor, who had once mercifully given him a sheepskin coat. But Shvabrin, on the contrary, treacherously goes over to the side of the enemy, he is even appointed chief of the fortress. In Grinev's absence, Shvabrin tortures Masha, trying to force her to marry him. Having learned about this, Peter, despite the danger, rushes from distant Orenburg to save his beloved. His conscience and respect for the memory of the deceased captain of the fortress do not allow him to do otherwise. I think that it was for his nobility, honesty and courage that Grinev received the best that can be for a person: happiness, mutual love and an unblemished conscience. Shvabrin, for his cowardice, lies, hypocrisy and dishonor, was subjected to strict trial.
Comparing the life path of these two heroes, you involuntarily come to the conclusion that the image of Grinev walking the path of honor can serve as an excellent example to follow.
In our cruel age, it seems that the concepts of honor and dishonor have died. There is no special need to preserve honor for girls - striptease and depravity pay dearly, and money is much more attractive than some ephemeral honor. I remember Knurov from “Dowry” by A.N. Ostrovsky:
There are boundaries beyond which condemnation does not cross: I can offer you such enormous content that the most evil critics of other people's morality will have to shut up and open their mouths in surprise.
Sometimes it seems that men have long ceased to dream of serving for the good of the Fatherland, protecting their honor and dignity, and defending the Motherland. Probably, literature remains the only evidence of the existence of these concepts.
A.S. Pushkin’s most cherished work begins with the epigraph: “Take care of your honor from a young age,” which is part of a Russian proverb. The entire novel “The Captain's Daughter” gives us the best idea of honor and dishonor. The main character, Petrusha Grinev, is a young man, practically a youth (at the time of his departure for service he was “eighteen” years old, according to his mother), but he is filled with such determination that he is ready to die on the gallows, but not to tarnish his honor. And this is not only because his father bequeathed to him to serve this way. Life without honor for a nobleman is the same as death. But his opponent and envious Shvabrin acts completely differently. His decision to go over to Pugachev’s side is determined by fear for his life. He, unlike Grinev, does not want to die. The outcome of the life of each of the heroes is logical. Grinev lives a dignified, albeit poor, life as a landowner and dies surrounded by his children and grandchildren. And the fate of Alexei Shvabrin is clear, although Pushkin does not say anything about it, but most likely death or hard labor will end this unworthy life of a traitor, a man who did not preserve his honor.
War is a catalyst for the most important human qualities; it shows either courage and courage, or meanness and cowardice. We can find proof of this in V. Bykov’s story “Sotnikov”. Two heroes are the moral poles of the story. The fisherman is energetic, strong, physically strong, but is he courageous? Having been captured, he betrays his partisan detachment under pain of death, betraying its location, weapons, strength - in short, everything, in order to eliminate this center of resistance to the fascists. But the frail, sickly, puny Sotnikov turns out to be courageous, endures torture, and resolutely ascends to the scaffold, not for a second doubting the correctness of his action. He knows that death is not as terrible as remorse from betrayal. At the end of the story, Rybak, who escaped death, tries to hang himself in the toilet, but cannot, because he does not find a suitable weapon (his belt was taken away during his arrest). His death is a matter of time, he is not a completely fallen sinner, and living with such a burden is unbearable.
Years pass, in the historical memory of mankind there are still examples of actions based on honor and conscience. Will they become an example for my contemporaries? I think yes. The heroes who died in Syria, saving people in fires and disasters, prove that there is honor, dignity, and there are bearers of these noble qualities.
Total: 441 words
The concepts of honor and dignity express the spiritual connection of a person with society. “Honor is my life,” wrote Shakespeare, “they have grown into one, and to lose honor is for me the same as losing life.”
Own position: What does the concept of “honor” mean today? Everyone will interpret this concept in their own way. For some, it is a set of highest moral principles, respect, honor, and recognition of others’ victories. For others it is “land, cattle, sheep, bread, commerce, profit - this is life!” For me, honor and dignity are not an empty phrase. It's too early to say that I live by honor. But I hope that these concepts will always serve as a life guide for me.
Nowadays, it seems that the concepts of “honor and dignity” are outdated, having lost their original, true meanings. But earlier, in the times of valiant knights and beautiful ladies, they preferred to give up their lives rather than lose honor. And it was customary to defend one’s dignity, the dignity of one’s loved ones and simply dear people in fights. Let us at least remember how, defending the honor of his family, A.S. died in a duel. Pushkin. “I need my name and honor to be inviolable in all corners of Russia,” he said. The favorite heroes of Russian literature were people of honor. Let us remember what advice the hero of the story “The Captain's Daughter” receives from his father: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” The father did not want his son to become a secular reveler and therefore sent him to serve in a distant garrison. Meeting with people devoted to duty, Motherland, love, for whom the honor of the uniform was above all, played a decisive positive role in Grinev’s life. He passed with honor all the trials that befell him, and never once lost his dignity, did not compromise his conscience, although there were plenty of opportunities, there was peace in his soul.
“Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest spot deprives it of its shine and takes away all its value,” Edmond Pierre Beauchaine once said. Yes, this is indeed true. And everyone, sooner or later, will have to decide how to live - with honor or without it.
Total: 302 words
Each newborn is given a name. Along with a name, a person receives the history of his family, the memory of generations and an idea of \u200b\u200bhonor. Sometimes a name obliges you to be worthy of your origin. Sometimes, through your actions, you have to wash away and correct the negative memory of your family. How not to lose your dignity? How to protect yourself in the face of emerging danger? It is very difficult to be prepared for such a test. You can find many similar examples in Russian literature.
Viktor Petrovich Astafiev’s story “Lyudochka” tells the story of the fate of a young girl, yesterday’s schoolgirl, who came to the city in search of a better life. Having grown up in the family of a hereditary alcoholic, like frozen grass, she tries all her life to preserve her honor, some kind of feminine dignity, tries to work honestly, build relationships with the people around her, without insulting anyone, pleasing everyone, but keeping her at a distance. And people respect her. Her landlady Gavrilovna respects her for her reliability and hard work, poor Artyomka respects her for her rigor and morality, she respects her in her own way, but for some reason her stepfather is silent about it. Everyone sees her as a person. However, on her way she meets a disgusting type, a criminal and a scumbag - Strekach. The person is not important to him, his lust is above all. The betrayal of Artyomka’s “friend-boyfriend” turns into a terrible ending for Lyudochka. And the girl is left alone with her grief. For Gavrilovna there is no particular problem with this:
Well, they tore off the plonba, just think, what a disaster. Nowadays this is not a flaw, but now they marry just anyone, ugh now about these things...
The mother generally moves away and pretends that nothing happened: the adult, they say, let her get out of it herself. Artemka and “friends” invite you to spend time together. But Lyudochka does not want to live like this, with her honor soiled and trampled. Seeing no way out of this situation, she decides not to live at all. In her last note she asks for forgiveness:
Gavrilovna! Mother! Stepfather! I didn’t ask what your name is. Good people, forgive me!
In the epic novel “Quiet Don” by Sholokhov, each heroine has her own idea of honor. Daria Melekhova lives only in the flesh, the author says little about her soul, and the characters in the novel generally do not perceive Daria without this base principle. Her adventures both during her husband’s life and after his death show that honor does not exist for her at all; she is ready to seduce her own father-in-law just to satisfy her desire. I feel sorry for her, because a person who lived his life so mediocrely and vulgarly, who did not leave any good memory of himself, is insignificant. Daria remained the embodiment of the base, lustful, dishonest female insides.
Honor is important for every person in our world. But especially the honor of women, maidenhood remains a calling card and always attracts special attention. And let them say that in our time morality is an empty phrase, that “they will marry just anyone” (in Gavrilovna’s words), what is important is who you are for yourself, and not for those around you. Therefore, the opinions of immature and narrow-minded people are not taken into account. For everyone, honor has and will come first.
Total: 463 words
In his article, D. Granin talks about the existence in the modern world of several points of view about what honor is, and whether this concept is outdated or not. But, despite this, the author believes that the sense of honor cannot become obsolete, since it is given to a person from birth.
To support his position, Granin cites an incident related to Maxim Gorky. When the tsarist government annulled the writer's election to honorary academicians, Chekhov and Korolenko refused the titles of academicians. By this act, the writers expressed their rejection of the government's decision. Chekhov defended Gorky's honor; at that moment he did not think about himself. It was the title of “man with a capital M” that allowed the writer to protect the good name of his comrade.
This means that the concept of honor will not become obsolete. We can defend our honor and, of course, our loved ones and relatives.
So A.S. Pushkin went to a duel with Dantes to defend the honor of his wife Natalya.
In Kuprin's work "The Duel", the main character, like Pushkin, defends the honor of his beloved in a duel with her husband. Death awaited this hero, but it was not meaningless.
I believe the topic of this article is very relevant, since in the modern world many people have lost the line between honor and dishonor.
But as long as a person lives, honor lives.
Total: 206 words
What is honor and why has it been so valued at all times? Folk wisdom speaks about it - “Take care of your honor from a young age”, poets sing about it and philosophers reflect on it. They died in duels for her, and, having lost her, they considered their life over. In any case, the concept of honor implies a desire for a moral ideal. This ideal can be created by a person for himself, or he can accept it from society.
In the first case, in my opinion, this is a kind of internal honor, which includes such individual qualities of a person as courage, nobility, justice, and honesty. These are the beliefs and principles that form the basis of a person's self-esteem. This is what he cultivates and values in himself. A person's honor outlines the limits of what a person can allow himself and what kind of attitude he can tolerate from others. A person becomes his own judge. This is what constitutes human dignity, so it is important for a person not to betray any of his principles.
I would correlate another understanding of honor with the more modern concept of reputation - this is how a person shows himself to other people in communication and business. In this case, it is important not to “lose your dignity” in the eyes of other people, because few people will want to communicate with a rude person, do business with an unreliable person, or help a heartless miser in need. However, a person may also have bad character traits and simply try to hide them from others.
In any case, the loss of honor leads to negative consequences - either a person becomes disappointed in himself or becomes an outcast in society. Honor, which I defined as reputation, has always been considered the calling card of a person - both men and women. And sometimes it hurt people. For example, when they were considered unworthy, although it was not they who were to blame, but gossip and intrigue. Or rigid social boundaries. I have always found it surprising that the Victorian era condemned a young woman who was in mourning for her husband and wanted to start a new life.
The main thing I realized is that the word “honor” is related to the word “honesty.” You need to be honest with yourself and people, to be, and not seem to be, a worthy person, and then you will not face either condemnation or self-criticism.
Honor, duty, conscience - these concepts are now rarely seen among people.
What it is?
Honor is an association I have with the army, with the officers who defend our Motherland, and also with the people who withstand the “blows of fate” with honor.
Duty is again our valiant defenders of the fatherland, who have a duty to protect us and our Motherland, and any person can also have a duty, for example, to help older people or younger people if they are in trouble.
Conscience is something that lives inside every person.
There are people without conscience, this is when you can pass by grief and not help, and nothing will torment you inside, but you can help and then sleep peacefully.
Often these concepts are related to each other. As a rule, these qualities are given to us during our upbringing.
Example from literature: War and Peace, L. Tolstoy. Unfortunately, these concepts are now outdated, the world has changed. It is rare to meet a person who has all these qualities.
470 words
After reading the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Captain’s Daughter”, you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas about honor. These heroes are young, both of them are nobles. YES, they end up in this outback (Belogorsk Fortress) not of their own free will. Grinev - at the insistence of his father, who decided that his son needed to “pull the strap and smell the gunpowder...” And Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress, perhaps because of the high-profile story associated with the duel. We know that for a nobleman a duel is a way to defend honor. And Shvabrin, at the beginning of the story, seems to be a man of honor. Although from the point of view of an ordinary person, Vasilisa Yegorovna, a duel is “murder.” This assessment allows the reader who sympathizes with this heroine to doubt Shvabrin’s nobility.
You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the challenge was the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev. Shvabrin saves his life. We see him “with his hair cut in a circle, in a Cossack caftan, among the rebels.” And during the execution, he whispers something in Pugachev’s ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov. He refuses to kiss the impostor’s hand because he is ready to “prefer a cruel execution to such humiliation...”.
They also treat Masha differently. Grinev admires and respects Masha, even writes poetry in her honor. Shvabrin, on the contrary, confuses the name of his beloved girl with dirt, saying “if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings.” Shvabrin slanderes not only this girl, but also her relatives. For example, when he says “as if Ivan Ignatich was in an inappropriate relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna..” It becomes clear that Shvabrin actually does not love Masha. When Grinev rushed to free Marya Ivanovna, he saw her “pale, thin, with disheveled hair, in a peasant dress.” The girl’s appearance eloquently speaks of what she had to endure due to the fault of Shvabrin, who tortured her, kept her in captivity and constantly threatened to extradite her her rebels.
If we compare the main characters, Grinev will certainly command more respect, because despite his youth he managed to behave with dignity, remained true to himself, did not disgrace his father’s honorable name, and defended his beloved.
Perhaps all this allows us to call him a man of honor. Self-esteem helps our hero at the trial at the end of the story to calmly look into the eyes of Shvabrin, who, having lost everything, continues to fuss, trying to slander his enemy. Long ago, while still in the fortress, he crossed the boundaries determined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation - to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the newly born love. Having acted dishonestly once, he cannot stop and becomes a traitor. And therefore Pushkin is right when he says “take care of honor from a young age” and makes them an epigraph to the entire work.
Nowadays, it has become a shame to show mercy, compassion, empathy. Nowadays it’s “cool”, to the approving hooting of the crowd, to hit a weak person, kick a dog, insult an elderly person, be rude to a passerby, and so on. Any nasty thing created by one scumbag is perceived as almost a feat by the fragile minds of teenagers.
We have stopped feeling, having isolated ourselves from the realities of life with our own indifference. We pretend that we don’t see or hear. Today we pass by a bully, swallow insults, and tomorrow we ourselves quietly turn into unscrupulous and dishonest people.
Let's remember past centuries. Duels with swords and pistols for insulting one's honorable name. Conscience and duty that guided the thoughts of the defenders of the Fatherland. Mass heroism of the people in the Great Patriotic War for the enemy’s trampling of the honor of their beloved Motherland. No one shifted the unbearable burden of responsibility and duty onto the shoulders of another to make himself more comfortable.
If today you betrayed a friend, cheated on a loved one, cheated on a colleague, insulted a subordinate, or betrayed someone’s trust, then don’t be surprised if tomorrow the same thing happens to you. Finding yourself abandoned and unwanted, you will have a great chance to reconsider your attitude towards life, towards people, towards your actions.
A deal with conscience that covers up shady dealings up to a certain point can end very badly in the future. There will always be someone more cunning, arrogant, dishonest and unscrupulous, who, under the guise of false flattery, will push you into the abyss of ruin in order to take the place that you also took from another.
An honest person always feels free and confident. Acting according to his conscience, he does not burden his soul with vices. He is not characterized by greed, envy and irrepressible ambitions. He simply lives and enjoys every day given to him from above.
Some examples for writing the direction “Honor and Dishonor”
About honor
Concepts such as “honor” and “conscience” have somehow lost their relevance in the modern world of indifference and a cynical attitude towards life.
If previously it was a shame to be considered an unscrupulous person, today such a “compliment” is taken lightly and even with bravado. Pangs of conscience - today this is something from the realm of melodrama and is perceived as a movie plot, that is, the audience is indignant, and at the end of the film they go and, for example, steal apples from someone else's orchard.
Nowadays, it has become a shame to show mercy, compassion, empathy. Nowadays it’s “cool”, to the approving hooting of the crowd, to hit a weak person, kick a dog, insult an elderly person, be rude to a passerby, and so on. Any nasty thing created by one scumbag is perceived as almost a feat by the fragile minds of teenagers.
We have stopped feeling, having isolated ourselves from the realities of life with our own indifference. We pretend that we don’t see or hear. Today we pass by a bully, swallow insults, and tomorrow we ourselves quietly turn into unscrupulous and dishonest people.
Let's remember past centuries. Duels with swords and pistols for insulting one's honorable name. Conscience and duty that guided the thoughts of the defenders of the Fatherland. Mass heroism of the people in the Great Patriotic War for the enemy’s trampling of the honor of their beloved Motherland. No one shifted the unbearable burden of responsibility and duty onto the shoulders of another to make himself more comfortable.
Honor and conscience are the most important and valuable qualities of the human soul.
A dishonest person can go through life without feeling pangs of conscience for his actions. There will always be sycophants and hypocrites scurrying around, extolling his imaginary merits. But none of them will lend him a helping hand in difficult times.
An unscrupulous person will not spare anyone on his ambitious path to achieve his goals. Neither devoted friendship, nor love for the Motherland, nor compassion, nor mercy, nor human kindness are inherent in such a person.
Each of us wants respect and attention from others. But only when we ourselves become more tolerant, more restrained, more tolerant and kinder, will we have the moral right to respond to the manifestation of the listed qualities.
If today you betrayed a friend, cheated on a loved one, cheated on a colleague, insulted a subordinate, or betrayed someone’s trust, then don’t be surprised if tomorrow the same thing happens to you. Finding yourself abandoned and unwanted, you will have a great chance to reconsider your attitude towards life, towards people, towards your actions.
A deal with conscience that covers up shady dealings up to a certain point can end very badly in the future. There will always be someone more cunning, arrogant, dishonest and unscrupulous, who, under the guise of false flattery, will push you into the abyss of ruin in order to take the place that you also took from another.
An honest person always feels free and confident. Acting according to his conscience, he does not burden his soul with vices. He is not characterized by greed, envy and irrepressible ambitions. He simply lives and enjoys every day given to him from above.
Essay on the topic: Honor and dishonor
The concepts of honor and dignity express the spiritual connection of a person with society. “Honor is my life,” wrote Shakespeare, “they have grown into one, and to lose honor is for me the same as losing life.”
Own position: What does the concept of “honor” mean today? Everyone will interpret this concept in their own way. For some, it is a set of highest moral principles, respect, honor, and recognition of others’ victories. For others it is “land, cattle, sheep, bread, commerce, profit - this is life!” For me, honor and dignity are not an empty phrase. It's too early to say that I live by honor. But I hope that these concepts will always serve as a life guide for me.
Nowadays, it seems that the concepts of “honor and dignity” are outdated, having lost their original, true meanings. But earlier, in the times of valiant knights and beautiful ladies, they preferred to give up their lives rather than lose honor. And it was customary to defend one’s dignity, the dignity of one’s loved ones and simply dear people in fights. Let us at least remember how, defending the honor of his family, A.S. died in a duel. Pushkin. “I need my name and honor to be inviolable in all corners of Russia,” he said. The favorite heroes of Russian literature were people of honor. Let us remember what advice the hero of the story “The Captain's Daughter” receives from his father: “Take care of your honor from a young age.” The father did not want his son to become a secular reveler and therefore sent him to serve in a distant garrison. Meeting with people devoted to duty, Motherland, love, for whom the honor of the uniform was above all, played a decisive positive role in Grinev’s life. He passed with honor all the trials that befell him, and never once lost his dignity, did not compromise his conscience, although there were plenty of opportunities, there was peace in his soul.
“Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest spot deprives it of its shine and takes away all its value,” Edmond Pierre Beauchaine once said. Yes, this is indeed true. And everyone, sooner or later, will have to decide how to live - with honor or without it.
Essay on the topic: What is honor?
What is honor and why has it been so valued at all times? Folk wisdom speaks about it - “Take care of your honor from a young age”, poets sing about it and philosophers reflect on it. They died in duels for her, and, having lost her, they considered their life over. In any case, the concept of honor implies a desire for a moral ideal. This ideal can be created by a person for himself, or he can accept it from society.
In the first case, in my opinion, this is a kind of internal honor, which includes such individual qualities of a person as courage, nobility, justice, and honesty. These are the beliefs and principles that form the basis of a person's self-esteem. This is what he cultivates and values in himself. A person's honor outlines the limits of what a person can allow himself and what kind of attitude he can tolerate from others. A person becomes his own judge. This is what constitutes human dignity, so it is important for a person not to betray any of his principles.
I would correlate another understanding of honor with the more modern concept of reputation - this is how a person shows himself to other people in communication and business. In this case, it is important not to “lose your dignity” in the eyes of other people, because few people will want to communicate with a rude person, do business with an unreliable person, or help a heartless miser in need. However, a person may also have bad character traits and simply try to hide them from others.
In any case, the loss of honor leads to negative consequences - either a person becomes disappointed in himself or becomes an outcast in society. Honor, which I defined as reputation, has always been considered the calling card of a person - both men and women. And sometimes it hurt people. For example, when they were considered unworthy, although it was not they who were to blame, but gossip and intrigue. Or rigid social boundaries. I have always found it surprising that the Victorian era condemned a young woman who was in mourning for her husband and wanted to start a new life.
The main thing I realized is that the word “honor” is related to the word “honesty.” You need to be honest with yourself and people, to be, and not seem to be, a worthy person, and then you will not face either condemnation or self-criticism.
Honor, duty, conscience - these concepts are now rarely seen among people.
What it is?
Honor is an association I have with the army, with the officers who defend our Motherland, and also with the people who withstand the “blows of fate” with honor.
Duty is again our valiant defenders of the fatherland, who have a duty to protect us and our Motherland, and any person can also have a duty, for example, to help older people or younger people if they are in trouble.
Conscience is something that lives inside every person.
There are people without conscience, this is when you can pass by grief and not help, and nothing will torment you inside, but you can help and then sleep peacefully.
Often these concepts are related to each other. As a rule, these qualities are given to us during our upbringing.
Example from literature: War and Peace, L. Tolstoy. Unfortunately, these concepts are now outdated, the world has changed. It is rare to meet a person who has all these qualities.
Essay on the topic: What is honor? (According to D. Granin)
In his article, D. Granin talks about the existence in the modern world of several points of view about what honor is, and whether this concept is outdated or not. But, despite this, the author believes that the sense of honor cannot become obsolete, since it is given to a person from birth.
To support his position, Granin cites an incident related to Maxim Gorky. When the tsarist government annulled the writer's election to honorary academicians, Chekhov and Korolenko refused the titles of academicians. By this act, the writers expressed their rejection of the government's decision. Chekhov defended Gorky's honor; at that moment he did not think about himself. It was the title of “man with a capital M” that allowed the writer to protect the good name of his comrade.
In my opinion, one cannot but agree with the author’s opinion. After all, people who will do desperate things to preserve the honor of their loved ones cannot disappear.
This means that the concept of honor will not become obsolete. We can defend our honor and, of course, our loved ones and relatives.
So A.S. Pushkin went to a duel with Dantes to defend the honor of his wife Natalya.
In Kuprin's work "The Duel", the main character, like Pushkin, defends the honor of his beloved in a duel with her husband. Death awaited this hero, but it was not meaningless.
I believe the topic of this article is very relevant, since in the modern world many people have lost the line between honor and dishonor.
But as long as a person lives, honor lives.
Essay on the topic: The theme of honor and dishonor in the works of Pushkin
After reading the story by A.S. Pushkin’s “The Captain’s Daughter”, you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas about honor. These heroes are young, both of them are nobles. YES, they end up in this outback (Belogorsk Fortress) not of their own free will. Grinev - at the insistence of his father, who decided that his son needed to “pull the strap and smell the gunpowder...” And Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress, perhaps because of the high-profile story associated with the duel. We know that for a nobleman a duel is a way to defend honor. And Shvabrin, at the beginning of the story, seems to be a man of honor. Although from the point of view of an ordinary person, Vasilisa Yegorovna, a duel is “murder.” This assessment allows the reader who sympathizes with this heroine to doubt Shvabrin’s nobility.
You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the challenge was the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev. Shvabrin saves his life. We see him “with his hair cut in a circle, in a Cossack caftan, among the rebels.” And during the execution, he whispers something in Pugachev’s ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov. He refuses to kiss the impostor’s hand because he is ready to “prefer a cruel execution to such humiliation...”.
They also treat Masha differently. Grinev admires and respects Masha, even writes poetry in her honor. Shvabrin, on the contrary, confuses the name of his beloved girl with dirt, saying “if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings.” Shvabrin slanderes not only this girl, but also her relatives. For example, when he says “as if Ivan Ignatich was in an inappropriate relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna..” It becomes clear that Shvabrin actually does not love Masha. When Grinev rushed to free Marya Ivanovna, he saw her “pale, thin, with disheveled hair, in a peasant dress.” The girl’s appearance eloquently speaks of what she had to endure due to the fault of Shvabrin, who tortured her, kept her in captivity and constantly threatened to extradite her her rebels.
If we compare the main characters, Grinev will certainly command more respect, because despite his youth he managed to behave with dignity, remained true to himself, did not disgrace his father’s honorable name, and defended his beloved.
Perhaps all this allows us to call him a man of honor. Self-esteem helps our hero at the trial at the end of the story to calmly look into the eyes of Shvabrin, who, having lost everything, continues to fuss, trying to slander his enemy. Long ago, while still in the fortress, he crossed the boundaries determined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation - to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the newly born love. Having acted dishonestly once, he cannot stop and becomes a traitor. And therefore Pushkin is right when he says “take care of honor from a young age” and makes them an epigraph to the entire work.
What are the moral qualities of a person
received condemnation in the works?
Moral meanness and dishonor
"Pleased
Human"
"Fake Coin"
Makes it "fake"
good"
Does harm to others
(composed slander)
"unforgivable
be angry... do
evil out of stupidity"
"promising
Human"
Irony
Author
Open condemnation
Direction "Honor and Dishonor"
Choosing a topic and epigraphEpigraph (from Greek επιγραφή - “inscription”)
- a quotation placed at the head of an essay
or parts thereof in order to indicate its spirit, its
meaning, the author’s attitude towards it, etc.
similar.
Possible topic formulations
True and false honor.
Which heroes live by honor?
Death or dishonor?
Is there a right to dishonor?
Aphorisms
The strong are not the best, but the honest ones. Honor and owndignity is the strongest.
(F. M. Dostoevsky)
Honor cannot be taken away, it can be
lose.
(A.P. Chekhov)
Only the unsullied can win
dishonest.
(Samed Vurgun)
Honor is an external conscience, and conscience is
inner honor.
(Arthur Schopenhauer) Honor
Dishonor
To deprive another of honor means to be deprived
his.
Publius Syrus
I will endure injustice, but not
dishonor.
Caecilius
Honor is more valuable than life.
Equal dishonor is dragged behind him by the one who
betrayed love and who left the battle.
Corneille Pierre
Schiller F.
I agree to endure any misfortune, But I don’t
I agree that my honor should suffer.
Corneille Pierre
Every dishonesty is a step towards dishonor.
V. Sinyavsky
True honor cannot tolerate untruth. Shamelessness is the patience of the soul towards
Fielding
dishonor in the name of profit.
Plato
Honor is a reward given for
virtue…
Aristotle
Honor from the dishonest - too, after all
dishonor.
Publius Syrus
Honor is a diamond on your hand
virtues.
A dishonest man is ready for dishonest things
case.
Proverb
Voltaire
Spring of honor, our idol!
And this is what the world revolves on!
(A.S. Pushkin)
The directions are based on polar
concepts related to a person’s choice: to be
true to the voice of conscience, follow moral
principles or follow the path of betrayal, lies
And
hypocrisy.
Many
writers
focused on the image
different manifestations of man: from fidelity
moral rules to various forms
compromise with conscience, even deep
moral failure Introduction, based on FIPI comments to the direction
Epigraph
Honor... Dishonor... Life and society before
Each person makes a moral choice:
live as your conscience dictates, follow
moral principles or follow the path
dishonor, to achieve everything in life through
betrayal, lies and hypocrisy. In his
essay I want to reflect on
topic (statement full name, answer to
an always relevant question)…. My opinion on this topic
I think that... It seems to me that... Prove
my reader will help my point of view
experience. After all, many writers turned their
attention to the moral qualities of a person: from
loyalty to moral rules to various
forms of compromise with conscience, up to
deep moral failure Argumentation
Prose poem
"Satisfied man"
Compose
plan
By
paragraphs;
Make a micro-inference
using your thoughts
or quote
I. S. Turgenev Let's remember……………..
The writer draws
……………………..
Setting a series of rhetorical
questions,
author
trying
understand
………………………… The answer amazes us:
…………Understand
author's
position
…………………………….
Reading
This
work,
I
I remember
words
….
(proverb)…. + micro-output. Let us remember the prose poem by I.S.
Turgenev "The Contented Man". Writer
draws a young man who is all -
contentment and joy.
Setting a series
rhetorical questions, the author tries
understand the reason for this mood. Answer
we are amazed: the hero is pleased with what he composed
slander about another. Understand the author's
Bitter irony allows us to take this position:
"a promising young man." Reading
this work, I remember the words of Publius
Sira: “To deprive another of honor means
lose yours." Turgenev's hero, I think,
He dishonored himself first. Poem in
prose
"Fake Coin"
Charles Baudelaire
Make a plan for
paragraphs;
Do
micro-output,
using your
thoughts or quote
bring
prosaic
poem
…………………….
Narration
begins
With
descriptions of what…………………………………This
another hero – ………………...Events take
interesting twist: ……………………………... As if
hearing the narrator's silent questions, buddy
pronounces, in my opinion, a terrible phrase:
…………………………….. The author’s verdict is clear:
……………………... + micro-inference – rhetorical
exclamation. The next argument can be
cite a prose poem by Charles
Baudelaire's The Counterfeit Coin, which also
tells about the immoral act of the hero.
The story begins with a description of what
one of the characters mysteriously sorts out the money. This
amazes our narrator. Next appears
another hero is a beggar whose eyes are full
eloquent
prayers.
Events
accept
interesting
turn:
alms
friend
turned out to be a counterfeit coin. As if hearing
the narrator's silent questions, the friend says,
in my opinion, a terrible phrase: he receives from
pleasure of deceit. The author's verdict is clear:
it is unforgivable to be evil, and even worse to do
evil out of stupidity. This is the most dishonest thing! So, in conclusion, I want to say,
What……………….
I
Think,
What
………………………………. In the end I want
remember the lines ………………….. So, in conclusion, I want to say that
each of us will go our own way
life, everyone has their own path, full and
ups and downs. And yet I think
that the main thing for a person is to be
honest both to yourself and to
others. In the end I want to remember
lines by A. S. Pushkin:
Spring of honor, our idol!
And this is what the world revolves on! Yuri Levitansky
Everyone chooses for themselves
Everyone chooses for themselves
woman, religion, road.
To serve the devil or the prophet -
everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves
a word for love and for prayer.
Dueling sword, sword
Each person chooses for himself to fight.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
Shield and armor, staff and patches,
measure of final reckoning
everyone chooses for themselves.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
I also choose - as best I can.
I have no complaints against anyone.
Everyone chooses for themselves.
1983
Write a home essay
Our honor lies in following the best and improving the worst... (Plato)Can honor resist dishonor?
Take care of your honor from a young age... (proverb)
How to choose in a difficult moment between honor and dishonor?
Where do dishonest people come from?
True and false honor.
Are there people of honor these days?
Which heroes live by honor?
Death or dishonor?
A dishonest person is ready for a dishonest deed.
Water will wash away everything, only dishonor cannot wash away.
It is better to be poor with honor than rich with dishonor
Is there a right to dishonor?
An honest person values honor, but what should a dishonest person value?
Every dishonesty is a step towards dishonor.
Literature to help
D. Fonvizin “Undergrown” - Pravdin, Starodum, Sofia - Prostakovs.A. Griboyedov “Woe from Wit” – Chatsky – Molchalin, Famus Society.
A. Pushkin “The Captain’s Daughter” – Grinev – Shvabrin.
M. Lermontov “Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich...”
N. Gogol “Taras Bulba”.
L. Tolstoy “War and Peace” – Andrei Bolkonsky – Dolokhov; old prince
Bolkonsky - Vasily Kuragin...
F. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment.”
A. Kuprin “Duel”, “Wonderful Doctor”.
M. Bulgakov “The White Guard”; "Master and Margarita".
V. Kaverin “Two Captains” - Sanya Grigoriev – Romashin, Nikolai
Antonovich.
A. Green “Green Lamp”.
M. Sholokhov “The Fate of Man”, “Quiet Don”.
V. Bykov “Obelisk”; "Sotnikov."
D. Likhachev “Letters about the good and the beautiful.”
